Bharat balasubramanian biography of albert einstein

Einstein attended elementary school at the Luitpold Gymnasium in Munich.

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He also had what were considered speech challenges. However, he developed a passion for classical music and playing the violin, which would stay with him into his later years. Toward the end of the s, Max Talmud, a Polish medical student who sometimes dined with the Einstein family, became an informal tutor to young Einstein. Hermann relocated the family to Milan, Italy, in the mids after his business lost out on a major contract.

Einstein was eventually able to gain admission into the Swiss Federal Institute of Technology in Zurich, specifically due to his superb mathematics and physics scores on the entrance exam. He was still required to complete his pre-university education first and thus attended a high school in Aarau, Switzerland, helmed by Jost Winteler. Einstein later renounced his German citizenship and became a Swiss citizen at the dawn of the new century.

The maximum score of the current version iswith an IQ of or higher ranking in the 99 th percentile. Magazine columnist Marilyn vos Savant has the highest-ever recorded IQ at and was featured in the Guinness Book of World Records in the late s. However, Guinness discontinued the category because of debates about testing accuracy. After graduating from university, Einstein faced major challenges in terms of finding academic positions, having alienated some professors over not attending class more regularly in lieu of studying independently.

Einstein eventually found steady work in after receiving a referral for a clerk position in a Swiss patent office. While working at the patent office, Einstein had the time to further explore ideas that had taken hold during his university studies and thus cemented his theorems on what would be known as the principle of relativity. Two focused on the photoelectric effect and Brownian motion.

The theory explains that space and time are actually connected, and Einstein called this joint structure space-time. Einstein considered this theory the culmination of his life research. It also offered a more expansive, nuanced explanation of how gravitational forces worked. Today, the theories of relativity underpin the accuracy of GPS technology, among other phenomena.

Even so, Einstein did make one mistake when developing his general theory, which naturally predicted the universe is either expanding or contracting. His later theories directly contracted this idea and asserted that the universe could be in a state of flux. Then, astronomer Edwin Hubble deduced that we indeed inhabit an expanding universe.

Bharat balasubramanian biography of albert einstein: Albert Einstein represents the

This equation suggested that tiny particles of matter could be converted into huge amounts of energy, a discovery that heralded atomic power. Famed quantum theorist Max Planck backed up the assertions of Einstein, who thus became a star of the lecture circuit and academia, taking on various positions before becoming director of the Kaiser Wilhelm Institute for Physics today is known as the Max Planck Institute for Physics from to InEinstein won the Nobel Prize in Physics for his explanation of the photoelectric effect, since his ideas on relativity were still considered questionable.

Einstein married Mileva Maric on January 6, While attending school in Zurich, Einstein met Maric, a Serbian physics student. Einstein continued to grow closer to Maric, but his parents were strongly against the relationship due to her ethnic background. Nonetheless, Einstein continued to see her, with the two developing a correspondence via letters in which he expressed many of his scientific ideas.

The couple had an illegitimate daughter, Lieserl, born in earlyof whom little is known. After finding a position as a clerk at the Swiss patent office in Bern, Einstein married Maric in ; they would have two more children, Hans Albert born and Eduard born While working at the patent office, Einstein did some of the most creative work of his life, producing no fewer than four groundbreaking articles in alone.

In the first paper, he applied the quantum theory developed by German physicist Max Planck to light in order to explain the phenomenon known as the photoelectric effect, by which a material will emit electrically charged particles when hit by light. To do this, Einstein introduced his special theory of relativity, which held that the laws of physics are the same even for objects moving in different inertial frames i.

Bharat balasubramanian biography of albert einstein: On 14 March , Albert

A fourth paper concerned the fundamental relationship between mass and energy, concepts viewed previously as completely separate. Einstein continued working at the patent office untilwhen he finally found a full-time academic post at the University of Zurich. Inhe arrived at the University of Berlin, where he was made director of the Kaiser Wilhelm Institute for Physics.

InEinstein published the general theory of relativity, which he considered his masterwork. This theory found that gravity, as well as motion, can affect time and space. This work earned him the Nobel Prize in Physics in Despite his contributions, Einstein had reservations about quantum mechanics. While many physicists accepted the strange, probabilistic nature of quantum mechanics, Einstein spent much of his later career trying to develop a theory that would explain the universe in more deterministic terms.

For instance, his theories laid the groundwork for the development of GPS technology. The general theory of relativity explains that time runs differently in strong gravitational fields, like those near Earth. GPS satellites must account for these differences in time, otherwise, the system would be inaccurate by several kilometers each day. This principle is at the heart of nuclear fission, the process used in nuclear reactors and atomic bombs.

Although Einstein himself was a pacifist and opposed the use of nuclear weapons, his work was instrumental in the development of atomic energy. He accepted a position at the Institute for Advanced Study in Princeton, New Jersey, where he spent the rest of his career. During World War II, Einstein became involved in political and ethical discussions surrounding science.

Although he was a pacifist, he signed a letter to President Franklin D. Roosevelt inwarning that Germany might be developing an atomic bomb. This letter led to the creation of the Manhattan Project, which ultimately developed the first nuclear weapons. After the war, Einstein became a vocal advocate for nuclear disarmament, warning of the dangers posed by these powerful weapons.

In addition to his political activism, Einstein was a strong supporter of civil rights. Du Bois. Einstein spoke out against racial segregation and injustice, using his fame to bring attention to these important issues. Albert Einstein passed away on April 18,but his legacy continues to influence the world in profound ways. His scientific discoveries changed the way we view the universe and led to many technological advancements.

His humanitarian efforts and political activism showed that scientists can play an important role in shaping society. From his revolutionary theories of relativity to his contributions to quantum mechanics, Einstein transformed our understanding of the universe. Related: 8 Ways you can see Einstein's theory of relativity in real life. Inhe won the Nobel Prize in physics for his work on the photoelectric effect, though the committee members also mentioned his "services to Theoretical Physics" when presenting their award.

The decision to give Einstein the award was controversial because the brilliant physicist was a Jew and a pacifist. Anti-Semitism was on the rise and relativity was not yet seen as a proven bharat balasubramanian biography of albert einstein, according to an article from The Guardian. He renounced his German citizenship and moved to the United States to become a professor of theoretical physics at Princeton, becoming a U.

During this era, other researchers were creating a revolution by reformulating the rules of the smallest known entities in existence. The laws of quantum mechanics had been worked out by a group led by the Danish physicist Niels Bohrand Einstein was intimately involved with their efforts. Bohr and Einstein famously clashed over quantum mechanics.

Bohr and his cohorts proposed that quantum particles behaved according to probabilistic laws, which Einstein found unacceptable, quipping that " God does not play dice with the universe. After he retired inEinstein spent most of his later years trying to unify gravity with electromagnetism in what's known as a unified field theory. Einstein died of a burst blood vessel near his heart on April 18,never unifying these forces.

Einstein's body was cremated and his ashes were spread in an undisclosed location, according to the American Museum of Natural History. But a doctor performed an unauthorized craniotomy before this and removed and saved Einstein's brain. The brain has been the subject of many tests over the decades, which suggested that it had extra folding in the gray matter, the site of conscious thinking.

In particular, there were more folds in the frontal lobes, which have been tied to abstract thought and planning. However, drawing any conclusions about intelligence based on a single specimen is problematic.